What is rogers theory

Some of the most common ones are as follows-. This type of person is not bothered or restricted by so-called incongruence because any restriction cannot be levied on these personalities. They can make numerous choices fluently and by themselves without any interference from others. These are individuals who believe that they play a role in determining their behavior and entirely responsible for it and the resulting actions. This type of person does not believe in making changes to fit self-concept or personality; instead, live every moment to the fullest capacity.

They allow self-concept and personality to emit from the experiences. This suggests a feeling of trust and results in spontaneity, tolerance, adaptability, daring, and excitement. This type of person is ready to adapt to their surroundings and circumstances without confirming. They are creative by nature and do not see the need to change whatever the circumstances. This type of people move away from defensive tendencies as they do not have any need for any subscription.

This type of person has faith in their judgment and call. They believe in themselves and their ability to choose behavior they consider apt for that specific moment. These individuals do not depend on existing norms of the society or any existing codes. What they trust is their sense of right and wrong and that their openness to experiences will help them in making the right choices in life. This type of people lead an entire life and experience the emotions of love, joy, pain, fear, courage, and heartbreak intensely.

This type of person always acts constructively. Their intrinsic goodness helps to manage and balance their needs in life. Carl Rogers, at the onset, created his theory as groundwork for therapy and called it non-directive therapy. He published this theory in the year Rogers emphasized that the principles could be applied to several contexts and not only in the therapy session. Person-centered therapy is the application of the person-centered approach to therapy.

For Rogers, fully functioning people are well adjusted, well balanced and interesting to know. Often such people are high achievers in society. Critics claim that the fully functioning person is a product of Western culture.

In other cultures, such as Eastern cultures, the achievement of the group is valued more highly than the achievement of any one person. Central to Rogers' personality theory is the notion of self or self-concept. This is defined as "the organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself.

The self is the humanistic term for who we really are as a person. The self is our inner personality, and can be likened to the soul, or Freud's psyche.

The self is influenced by the experiences a person has in their life, and out interpretations of those experiences. Two primary sources that influence our self-concept are childhood experiences and evaluation by others. According to Rogers , we want to feel, experience and behave in ways which are consistent with our self-image and which reflect what we would like to be like, our ideal-self.

The closer our self-image and ideal-self are to each other, the more consistent or congruent we are and the higher our sense of self-worth. A person is said to be in a state of incongruence if some of the totality of their experience is unacceptable to them and is denied or distorted in the self-image. The humanistic approach states that the self is composed of concepts unique to ourselves. The self-concept includes three components:. Self-worth or self-esteem comprises what we think about ourselves.

Rogers believed feelings of self-worth developed in early childhood and were formed from the interaction of the child with the mother and father. How we see ourselves, which is important to good psychological health. Self-image includes the influence of our body image on inner personality. At a simple level, we might perceive ourselves as a good or bad person, beautiful or ugly.

Self-image affects how a person thinks, feels and behaves in the world. This is the person who we would like to be. It consists of our goals and ambitions in life, and is dynamic — i. Carl Rogers viewed the child as having two basic needs: positive regard from other people and self-worth. How we think about ourselves, our feelings of self-worth are of fundamental importance both to psychological health and to the likelihood that we can achieve goals and ambitions in life and achieve self-actualization.

Living in the moment and appreciating the present. Trust feelings of gut reactions. A person who is living a fulfilled life i. Share this Post. Related Courses Education and Training. Related Articles Education and Training views.

Read the full article. Course Blogs Education and Training views. Get Download Now Email. Company Name. Phone No. Rogers believed that all behavior is motivated by self-actualizing tendencies, which drive a person to achieve at their highest level. As a result of their interactions with the environment and others, an individual forms a structure of the self or self-concept— an organized, fluid, conceptual pattern of concepts and values related to the self. If a person has a positive self-concept, they tend to feel good about who they are and often see the world as a safe and positive place.

If they have a negative self-concept, they may feel unhappy with who they are. Rogers further divided the self into two categories: the ideal self and the real self. The ideal self is the person that you would like to be; the real self is the person you actually are. Rogers focused on the idea that we need to achieve consistency between these two selves. We experience congruence when our thoughts about our real self and ideal self are very similar—in other words, when our self-concept is accurate.

High congruence leads to a greater sense of self-worth and a healthy, productive life. Conversely, when there is a great discrepancy between our ideal and actual selves, we experience a state Rogers called incongruence , which can lead to maladjustment. In the development of the self-concept, Rogers elevated the importance of unconditional positive regard, or unconditional love.

People raised in an environment of unconditional positive regard, in which no preconceived conditions of worth are present, have the opportunity to fully actualize. When people are raised in an environment of conditional positive regard, in which worth and love are only given under certain conditions, they must match or achieve those conditions in order to receive the love or positive regard they yearn for. Their ideal self is thereby determined by others based on these conditions, and they are forced to develop outside of their own true actualizing tendency; this contributes to incongruence and a greater gap between the real self and the ideal self.