What is the difference between bromide and bromate

Brady, Wesley B. Swords, Gerald J. Halide Photoredox Chemistry. Chemical Reviews , 7 , Hull, Amy J. Cairns, Marium Haq. Inorganic Chemistry , 58 5 , Hohrenk, Holger V. Lutze, Torsten C. Schmidt, Holger V. Effects of organic matter, ammonia, bromide, and hydrogen peroxide on bromate formation during water ozonation.

Chemosphere , , A comparative study on high-efficient reduction of bromate in neutral solution using zero-valent Al treated by different procedures. Science of The Total Environment , , Water , 13 21 , Snyder , Paolo Roccaro. Comparison of AOPs at pilot scale: Energy costs for micro-pollutants oxidation, disinfection by-products formation and pathogens inactivation.

Catalysts , 11 4 , Fate and reduction of bromate formed in advanced water treatment ozonation systems: A critical review. Catalytic Membrane Ozonation. Encyclopedia , 1 1 , Highly sensitive, selective and naked-eye detection of bromide and bromate using distance—based paper analytical device. Article history Received:. Cite Icon Cite. Figure 1.

View large Download slide. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. View Large. Bromate formation under ozonation conditions to inactivate Cryptosporidium. Search ADS. Competitive adsorption between bromine and bromate on activated carbon and impact on bromate formation. Removal of bromate ion from water using granular activated carbon. Minimizing bromate concentration by controlling the ozone reaction time in a full-scale plant. Enhanced bromate control during ozonation: The chlorine-ammonia process.

Factors affecting bromate removal capacity of zerovalent iron packed columns. Effect of characteristics of activated carbon on removal of bromate. Removal of bromate and assimilable organic carbon from drinking water using granular activated carbon. Removal of bromate, perchlorate and nitrate from drinking water in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor. The basic research of national standard for natural mineral waters and quality of cultural media. Bromide is the anion that forms when bromine abstracts an electron from another electropositive element.

We can represent it by the symbol Br —. It is a monovalent ion with -1 charge. Therefore, it has 36 electrons and 35 protons. The electron configuration of bromide is [Ar] 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6. It exists in ionic compounds such as sodium bromide, calcium bromide and HBr. It also exists naturally in water sources.

Bromine is a chemical element in the periodic table which is denoted by Br while Bromide is the anion that forms when bromine abstracts an electron from another electropositive element. Moreover, the key difference between bromine and bromide is that bromide is the reduced form of bromine. Besides, bromide has 36 electrons compared to 35 electrons of bromine, but both have 35 protons.

Therefore, bromide has a -1 charge whereas bromine is neutral. Furthermore, bromine is more chemically reactive than Bromide. Also, a further difference between bromine and bromide is that the bromide has achieved the krypton electron configuration and is, therefore, more stable than the bromine atom. Bromine is a chemical element in the periodic table and is denoted by Br.

Assuming an adult drinks about two quarts of water a day at the drinking water standard of 10 micrograms per liter, their exposure is about a sixth of that level. The increased lifetime cancer risk from drinking this water everyday poses a moderate risk level of about two in ten thousand. These exposure and risk estimates are likely to be overestimates since most people would not consume two quarts of water containing bromate at the standard for their lifetime.

The information on the toxicity of bromate comes from accidental or intentional poisonings in people and from studies on laboratory animals. Some people who ingested large amounts of bromate had gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain.